"GL2" - читать интересную книгу автора (vol12)

tomb. This is effective in its place: giving an idea of the style of
the Runes when incised with more care for a solemn purpose,
and providing a glimpse of a strange tongue; though all that is
really necessary for the tale is the six lines on I.334 (16)(with the
translation of the inscription in bigger and bolder lettering). The
actual representation of the inscription has however landed in
some absurdities.(17)
The use in the inscription of the older and more 'correct'

values and shapes of the Angerthas, and not the later 'usage of
Erebor', is not absurd (though possibly an unnecessary elabor-
ation); it is in accord with the history of the Runes as sketched
in the Appendix E. The older Runes would be used for such a
purpose, since they were used in Moria before the flight of the
Dwarves, and would appear in other inscriptions of like kind -
and Balin was claiming to be the descendant and successor
of the former Lords of Moria. The use of the Dwarf-tongue
(Khuzdul) is possible in so short an inscription, since this tongue
has been sketched in some detail of structure, if with a very
small vocabulary. But the names Balin and Fundin are in such a
context absurd. The Dwarves, as is stated in III.411,(18) had
names in their own language; these they only used among them-
selves (on solemn occasions) and kept strictly secret from other
peoples, and therefore never spelt them out in writing or
inscriptions meant for or likely to be seen by strangers. In times
or places where they had dealings, in trade or friendship, with
their neighbours, they adopted 'outer names' for convenience.(19)
These names were in form generally suited to the structure of
the Common Speech [> the structure of the language from
which they were derived]. Very frequently they had recog-
nizable meanings in that language, or were names current in it;
sometimes they were names [> current in it, being names] used
by neighbouring Men among whom they dwelt, and were
derived from the local Mannish language in which they might
have a still known meaning, though this was not often the case
[this phrase struck out].(20) Whether the adopted names that
had meanings were selected because these meanings had some
relation to their secret 'inner' names cannot be determined.
The adopted names could be and sometimes were changed -
usually in consequence of some event, such as the migration of
either the Dwarves or their friends that separated them.
The case of the Dwarves of Moria was an example of adop-
tion of names from Mannish languages of the North, not from
the Common Speech.(21) It might have been better in that case to
have given them in their actual forms. But in carrying out the
theory (necessary for the lessening of the load of invention
of names in different styles of language), that names derived
from the Mannish tongues and dialects of the West historically
related to the Common Speech should be represented by names
found (or made of elements found in) languages related to